General Information
The Royal Family
In Jordan, a constitutional monarchy prevails, with King Abdullah II serving as the head of state and the government. The Hashemite dynasty has ruled the country since its inception, maintaining stability and fostering socio-political development. The monarchy plays a pivotal role in Jordanian society, symbolizing unity and continuity. King Abdullah II, along with Queen Rania, is widely respected and actively engages in both domestic and international affairs, striving to promote prosperity, peace, and progress for the nation and its people.
Geography and Location:
Jordan is a relatively small country in the Middle East, covering an area of about 89,342 square kilometers. It is landlocked, with its borders touching several countries. To the north, it shares a border with Syria, while Iraq is situated to the northeast. To the east and south, it is bordered by Saudi Arabia. To the west, Jordan shares borders with Palestine, along with a short coastline along the Red Sea to the south.
Capital and Major Cities:
Amman, the capital and largest city, is the political, economic, and cultural center of Jordan. Other significant cities include Aqaba, the only coastal city on the Red Sea, Petra, one of the world's seven wonders, Wadi Rum, a UNESCO Heritage site, and many other cities that hold great importance in many aspects.
History and Archaeology:
Jordan has a rich and diverse history. It was home to several ancient civilizations, including the Nabateans, Romans, and Byzantines. Petra, the famous rose-red city, was the capital of the Nabatean Kingdom and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Jordan also contains well-preserved Roman ruins, such as Jerash, with its impressive architecture.
Culture and Religion:
Jordan's culture is a blend of tradition and modernity. The majority of the population follows Islam, with a significant Christian minority. The country is known for its warm hospitality and traditional music and dance, like the Dabke. Jordanian cuisine includes dishes like Mansaf and Falafel.
Tourism and Landmarks:
Jordan is a top destination for tourists due to its historical and natural attractions. Petra is the most iconic, known for its intricate rock-cut architecture. Jerash is famous for its Roman ruins, while the Dead Sea, the lowest point on Earth, attracts visitors for its unique floating experience. Other notable sites include Wadi Rum, Mount Nebo, and the Baptism Site.
Natural Wonders:
In addition to its historical sites, Jordan offers breathtaking natural landscapes, including the vast desert of Wadi Rum, rugged mountains, and canyons like Wadi Mujib, and the extraordinary geological formation of the Red and Dead Seas.
Jordan's rich historical legacy, diverse culture, and natural beauty make it an enchanting destination for travelers, history enthusiasts, and adventure seekers.
Climate in Jordan
Jordan experiences a diverse climate throughout its regions and seasons. Summers are sweltering, with temperatures averaging around 36ºC in July and August, while winters are notably cooler, with temperatures dropping below 10ºC, especially in elevated areas where snowfall is common. Most of the rainfall occurs in winter, particularly in the western Jordan Valley, making other seasons relatively dry. With its mountainous terrain, Jordan's average elevation surpasses 800 meters, contributing to slightly cooler temperatures than those expected at sea level.